Nexus Between Climate Change and Human Security in Sri Lanka Implications for Small Island Developing States in the Indian Ocean Region

Abstract

This study explores the interconnectedness of climate change and human security in Sri Lanka and its broader implications for Small Island Developing States (SIDS) in the Indian Ocean region. The research addresses a critical gap in understanding the complex relationship between climate change impacts and the challenges faced by human security in Sri Lanka, with implications for similarly vulnerable island nations in the Indian Ocean region. The research problem stems from the recognition that climate change poses substantial risks to human security in Sri Lanka, particularly in SIDS in the Indian Ocean region. The objectives of this research are to examine the specific impacts of Climate Change on Human Security in Sri Lanka, assess the climate changeinduced Human Security challenges faced by Sri Lanka, and recommend evidence-based adaptation and mitigation strategies to Sri Lanka and other SIDS in the IOR. The research methodology features a qualitative approach blending desk review with participatory methods, like case studies, enabling a comprehensive exploration of the research problem. A participatory approach involves Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and semi-structured interviews with affected communities, local leaders, and experts. Data analysis employs the Conflict Tree Visualization tool to illustrate causes, problems, and effects. To bolster reliability, a triangulation approach cross-references data from various sources. The results demonstrate that climate change exacerbates existing vulnerabilities and poses significant threats to human security in Sri Lanka and other SIDS in the Indian Ocean region. The findings reveal the interconnected nature of climate change impacts and human security challenges, highlighting the necessity of integrated approaches that address social, economic, and environmental dimensions. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the significance of enhancing resilience measures and strategies to protect vulnerable communities and ensure sustainable development in SIDS in the Indian Ocean region.