| dc.description.abstract | The introduction of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) to gemology
has revolutionized conventional processes by which gemstone identification, grading,
and valuation are done; automation, objectivity and precision are now a part of the
process. Traditional approaches to gem evaluation are highly dependent on human
experience and human eye, which tend to be biased and subjective. The latest progress
in computer vision, deep learning, and spectroscopic data interpretation allowed
developing the intelligent systems that could recognize the type of the gemstones,
determine the quality of their clarity and color, and determine their market prices with
greater accuracy. Moreover, the neural networks that are mixed with the fuzzy logic
and probabilistic reasoning have enhanced the making of decisions in unclear situations.
This review discusses the intelligent gemstone assessment system development, including
intelligent authentication, visual feature mining, and price prediction using data with
the aid of AI. New applications of the internet of things enabled sensing, Ra-man
spectroscopy, and multispectral imaging are also introduced, and the shift to the reality
of real-time, scalable, and transparent systems of gem evaluation is highlighted. The
paper ends by summarizing the existing challenges including lack of data, model
interpretability, and standardization and provides some future directions of the next
generation of intelligent gemstone analysis technologies. | en_US |
