https://ir.kdu.ac.lk/handle/345/8667 2026-04-08T12:57:56Z https://ir.kdu.ac.lk/handle/345/8681 India – Pakistan Conflict and Its Security Implications on South Asia Samarathunga, TM The India - Pakistan conflict is among the most enduring rivalries in the world. Following the British departure from India, Britain realised the profound cultural distinctions existing between the Muslims and the Hindus and formed political borders based on those differences. After the dissolution of the British Raj in 1947, India and Pakistan emerged as two new sovereign states. Due to a wide range of historical and political events, the bilateral relations between India and Pakistan have been contentious and largely antagonistic. The partition of the British Indian Empire caused large-scale migration and loss of life. The political boundaries established by the British have ultimately resulted in several conflicts, which has impeded the regional consciousness and integration in South Asia. The Kashmir conflict is the main cause of the strained relations between India and Pakistan. India and Pakistan fought three major wars over the disputed territories in Kashmir in 1947, 1964 and 1999. All three states involved in the Kashmir conflict; India, China and Pakistan possess nuclear weapons and it would be disastrous if these countries initiate a nuclear war. Indo - Pakistan relations grew increasingly hostile particularly after the Siachen conflict in 1984, intensification of the Kashmir insurgency in 1989, Indian and Pakistani nuclear tests in 1998 and the 1999 Kargil War. The major reasons of the conflict between India and Pakistan have been the protracted Kashmir dispute and cross-border terrorism, which has had significant implications on regional security in South Asia. This research focuses on the security aspect of India-Pakistan conflict on the South Asian region. This research will predominantly utilise the qualitative methodology and data will be collected from both primary and secondary sources. 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.kdu.ac.lk/handle/345/8680 Security Within the Purview of Military de Silva, NHD; Panditharathna, LSC; Narangoda, PI The theoretical framework of military security, which is rooted in the theoretical system of security studies, and a number of fundamental assumptions form the basis of this article. Since these two fields are still developing, it is necessary to evaluate them in order to establish the fundamental theoretical framework for security studies. This study construes a unique definition and explanation of security's key characteristics as well as a broad overview of military security. It comprises the crucial tasks the subject performs on their own that are necessary for maintaining the right level of security. Original definitions of such fundamental terms as security, state security, and military security are included in the study. In fact, a large portion of the content is based on theories from earlier research, but these have only been utilized as "bricks" to complete the theoretical framework that already exists. This study intends to reveal about significant dimensions that should be discussed in the concern of sustaining military security within purview of general term of security. 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.kdu.ac.lk/handle/345/8679 Blue Banana Project and Its Influences on Irregular Migration in Europe Maddumage, Viran; Fernando, KRSM; Wojithma, Kinuri Since 1945 Europe has experienced several waves of migration patterns both regular and irregular migration. Europe has thus become one of the most attractive destinations to migrants mostly from non-European continents. Migrants are motivated to settle in European nations in search of better living standards. Along with regular migration, Europe tends to experience a large flow of irregular migration. The main reason for this is the existence of the most developed nations in Europe and one such example is the presence of the European blue concept. The European Blue Banana is considered an urbanized corridor that includes most of the developed cities in Europe with wide economic opportunities. This research focuses to identify the pattern of irregular migration movements to Europe, how the development of the Blue Banana concept may impact Europe, and what European projects encouraged people in non-European continents to migrate to Europe. This paper was developed based on qualitative methodology and gained information through secondary sources. And this research will provide insight into how the development of the European Blue Banana concept influenced irregular migration in Europe. 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z https://ir.kdu.ac.lk/handle/345/8678 Resurgence of Islamic State in Iraq and Syria Jayaratne, SUW; Senadasa, P; Silva, O A terrorist organization with a strong ideological presence is not totally vanquished just by the death of its members and the group's dormancy, even if they may have fallen. According to multiple works of literature, ISIS is considered as an inspiration by many other extremist groups and is blamed for the resurgence and rebirth of various terrorist groups around the world, in various forms and factions. Despite the loss of territorial presence in 2017, ISIS began to re-emerge in 2018. Notwithstanding efficient and successful counter ISIS measures by regional and international actors, the terrorist group is still actively reconstructing in Iraq and Syria. The goal of this research is to provide light on ISIS as a whole and the factors that led to it becoming the world's most destructive terrorist organization. Drawing on the group's history, actions, and subsequent global reactions, an attempt is made to map the potential problems they pose in the battle against terrorism. This article seeks to track ISIS's journey and rise to prominence by addressing its operational style, military and political organization, and significant internet presence. Despite being gradually weakened over the years, ISIS has not been crushed and is on the cusp of resurrection, albeit in more unpredictable and untimely forms. 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z