Engineering
http://ir.kdu.ac.lk/handle/345/3864
2024-03-28T13:54:07ZAirborne Measurement – Advanced Instrument Development Methods and Insight
http://ir.kdu.ac.lk/handle/345/2564
Airborne Measurement – Advanced Instrument Development Methods and Insight
Lawson, NJ
Airborne measurement is required in many fields of aerospace, ranging from aircraft development and flight test, to atmospheric sciences. It involves the use of aircraft mounted instruments to measure quantities ranging from simple parameters such as pressure and airspeed, to more complex quantities such as atmospheric aerosols and solids. Although well-established traditional methods are available to design instruments in the airborne environment, the application of new advanced methods and sensors to refine instrument design, has seen slow adoption by most of these fields. The following paper presents examples of new approaches, which are used to refine a number of airborne instruments, including the measurement of sideslip angle and angle of attack using traditional instruments and strain and pressure using advanced fibre optic sensors. An example of the application of these methods to aerosol measurement is also discussed. In most cases, it is concluded instruments can be readily and quickly refined using these new techniques, including computational fluid dynamics. New sensors also offer potential improvements in the measurement of many airborne measurands.
2018-01-01T00:00:00ZUrbanization and Solid Waste Management Challenges: a Review of Literature
http://ir.kdu.ac.lk/handle/345/2563
Urbanization and Solid Waste Management Challenges: a Review of Literature
Dissanayake, SPR; Premarathne, H
The aim of this study is to find out the Challenges of urbanization and Solid Waste Management urbanized city areas in developing countries most of these urbanizing cities and also a commercial hub, providing employment opportunities and accelerating the pace of urbanization, resulting in a corresponding increase in municipal solid waste (MSW) generation. Solid waste management is a one of main challenge for the any developing city and its authorities in developing countries mainly due to the increasing generation of waste, the burden posed on the municipal budget as a result of the high costs associated to its management, the lack of understanding over a diversity of factors that affect the different stages of waste management and linkages necessary to enable the entire handling system functioning. With the rapid urbanization of a developing city and Municipal waste is a term coined to the solid waste produced by the people and the society in their day to day operations. Secondary data was collected from books on this subject matter, publications, research studies, journals, and websites published by the local and foreign intellectuals of the subjects. It presents rich data results from literature review methods. This study describes and evaluates the present state of municipal solid waste management in municipal council area and identified the challenges face due poor management of the solid waste. Finally also summarizes the proposed policies and initiatives of the solid waste management in any urban council to improve the existing MSW management system in order to find the feasible solution for overcome the challenges.
2018-01-01T00:00:00ZSustainable Water Supply Management System for Panagoda Army Cantonment
http://ir.kdu.ac.lk/handle/345/2562
Sustainable Water Supply Management System for Panagoda Army Cantonment
Edirisinghe, EADP; Bogahawatte, S
Sustainable water management is identified as an important strategic approach to minimize unnecessary costs and for proper utilization of water resources. The Panagoda army cantonment was established five decades ago and current water supply system has deficiencies to cater the demand of water users. Due to malpractices of users massive wastage of water supply has been observed. This study focused on the identification of the statusquo of the water management system in the cantonment. Then to be identified the customer’s perspective on the current water management system in the cantonment and identified proper way to improve current water management system. The high value of water invoices and electricity invoices were received for the monthly usage. By introducing new water management, it will be possible to reduce the cost of water usage and cost of electricity usage that use for the pump operation. There are 4 Directorates, 7 Regiments, 31 Units, Army Base Hospital and Army Physical Training School operating at the cantonment and data has been collected from selected 19 establishments which are consist with higher no of staff. During the study qualitative and quantitative data was collected by using the questionnaire and evaluate the quantitative data by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 23. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were determined. According to the qualitative data, current status of the water management system was evaluated and recommendations were formulated. The conceptual framework consisted of sustainable management approaches such as environmental Sustainability, Affordability, Quality, Health and Safety, Reliability, and Responsibility of the operation. Those five independent variables were correlated with the dependant variable of customer satisfaction. Each independent variable was gathered in two perspectives such as customer expectation and the satisfaction of the aspect. Each factor was plotted to identify the gap area. It is recommended to carry out in-depth study to minimize loss and improve the current system to the sustainable way.
2018-01-01T00:00:00ZTime-Series Analysis of Monthly Rainfall Data for the Nuwara Eliya District, Sri Lanka
http://ir.kdu.ac.lk/handle/345/2561
Time-Series Analysis of Monthly Rainfall Data for the Nuwara Eliya District, Sri Lanka
Udumulla, NM; Madhubashini, MGAK; Hakmanage, NM; Sandaruwani, IM; Jayasundara, DDM; Rathnayaka, RMKT
One of the most important climatic element is Rainfall, that directly influences on the agriculture. As a real world practice, the rainfall data has a seasonal trend with short term and long term oscillations; especially, monthly rainfall forecasting is significant to make decisions in management of agricultural scheme and manage daily human activities.
In this current study monthly average rainfall of Nuwara eliya district, Sri Lanka since 1996 to 2015 were considered. According to the unit root study, original observations are non-stationery. So, we moved 1st difference for further study. Furthermore, Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model was fitted for analyzing and validation 228 monthly observations. According to minimum Akaike information criteria (AIC), SARIMA (1, 0, 0) (1, 0, 2) (12) is selected as a best model for forecasting rainfall in this selected region.
2018-01-01T00:00:00Z